منابع مشابه
Biomolecular folding in vacuo!!!(?)
At the molecular level, life, as we know it, goes on in water. A liquid milieu is doubtless essential to provide rapid mobility to both the small molecules whose traffic is so essential to life and to the functioning macromolecules which act upon them. The omnipresence of water has exerted a profound influence on the evolution of biomolecular function, specificity, and stability. The self-assem...
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Proton transfer reactivity of isolated charge states of the protein hen egg-white lysozyme shows that multiple distinct conformations of this protein are stable in the gas phase. The reactivities of the 9+ and 10+ charge state ions, formed by electrospray ionization of "native" (disulfide-intact) and "denatured" (disulfide-reduced) solutions, are consistent with values calculated for ions in th...
متن کاملTopological methods for exploring low-density states in biomolecular folding pathways.
Characterization of transient intermediate or transition states is crucial for the description of biomolecular folding pathways, which is, however, difficult in both experiments and computer simulations. Such transient states are typically of low population in simulation samples. Even for simple systems such as RNA hairpins, recently there are mounting debates over the existence of multiple int...
متن کاملA phenomenological model for photon mass generation in vacuo
A phenomenological model is presented here arguing that photon mass is an induced effect rendered in the form of vacuum potential arising from vacuum natural modes. An elementary vacuum potential is defined as a function of vacuum zero-point fields, which yields an expression for effective photon mass generation. A Lagrangian is constructed for this model which incorporates photons with effecti...
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Presented is an overview of electromagnetic versions of the so-called X-type waves intensively studied since their invention in early 1990.-ies in ultrasonics. These waves may be extremely localized both laterally and longitudinally and – what has been considered as most startling – propagate superluminally without apparent spread. Spotlighted are the issues of the relativistic causality, varie...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
سال: 1995
ISSN: 0027-8424,1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.92.7.2426